Besides Ammonium Sulfate,

What Other Substances Can Be Used in Fire Extinguishers?

In addition to ammonium sulfate, there are many substances that can be used in fire extinguishers, and the following are some common ones:
1. Ingredients in dry powder fire extinguishing agents
①Sodium bicarbonate: It is suitable for extinguishing B and C type fires, such as fires of flammable liquids, gases and electrically charged equipment. Its fire extinguishing principle is to decompose carbon dioxide when heated and play the role of asphyxiation to extinguish the fire.

②Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: it can be used to extinguish A, B and C type fires. In the high temperature will decompose ammonia and phosphorus pentoxide and other substances, which can interrupt the combustion reaction, and at the same time, the formation of a glass-like cover layer plays the role of air insulation.

2. Carbon dioxide in CO2 fire extinguishers
Extinguish the fire by reducing the content of oxygen in the air. This method is suitable for fighting B, and C type fires, especially for electrical equipment, precision instruments, and other valuables fire extinguishing effect is good because it does not leave traces of fire extinguishing, or equipment damage.

3. Components in AFFF fire extinguishers
Surfactant: can reduce the surface tension of water, so that the water can better adhere to the surface of the burning material to improve the fire extinguishing effect. At the same time, the surfactant can also form a protective film to prevent re-ignition.
Flame retardants: such as fluorine-containing surfactants, etc., can form a layer of stable foam cover on the surface of the combustible material, isolate the oxygen and heat, and prevent the fire from spreading.

4. Haloalkanes in halogenated fire extinguishers
Substances like difluoro-chloro-bromomethane (1211), trifluoro-bromomethane (1301), and so on. This type of fire extinguishing agent through the chemical inhibition to extinguish the fire, can interrupt the chain reaction of combustion. A, B, and C types of fires have a good fire extinguishing effect, but due to the destruction of the ozone layer, has been gradually eliminated.

5. Components in foam fire extinguishers
Aluminum sulfate and sodium bicarbonate solution: these two solutions will produce a large number of carbon dioxide foam after mixing, the foam can cover the surface of the burning material, isolated from the air to extinguish the fire. It is suitable for extinguishing A and B type fires, such as oil, wood and other fires.

From https://www.51chem.com/

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